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three π loudspeaker performance data

three Pi loudspeaker



Our three "π" loudspeaker is the result of decades of refinement and hundreds of hours of extensive development and testing. It provides high-fidelity and uniform directivity, and is efficient enough to provide room-filling sound even when driven by low-powered single-ended triode amplifiers. It also has the thermal capacity to handle several hundred watts of amplification without distortion or stress. This wide range of power levels provides exceptional dynamic range, making the three "π" loudspeaker suitable for critical listening, studio monitoring and home theater applications.

We recommend these speakers to be set on stands at ear-level with toe-in that crosses the forward-axes just in front of the listening position. This gives the best stereo image.

We also suggest placement away from walls but room limitations often require the speakers to be set near a wall, usually the one behind the speakers. Flanking subs can be employed to mitigate lower-midrange reflections. Bass extension is more than adequate with or without subwoofers, but the use of flanking subs smooths the modal region while simultaneously increasing deep bass extension.

Frequency Response

Impedance

Horizontal Off-Axis Response

Vertical Off-Axis Response (down)

Vertical Off-Axis Response (up)

Notes:

  • All measurements were done halfspace, with the speaker resting in a cradle and the microphone suspended above it on a boom.
  • No post-processing or smoothing was applied.
  • Measurements were taken at a distance of 10 feet from the baffle and drive voltage was 8.62vrms. This is equivalent to 2.83v/M and 1W/1M values since average impedance is 8Ω.
  • The loudspeaker was driven with a 60Hz sine at 40vrms to pre-heat for 15 minutes immediately before measurement. This was done to bring it to a realistic operating temperature.
  • Off-axis measurements were done at 10° increments. The forward axis was taken as the cabinet centerline, midpoint from top to bottom and side to side. Small vertical angles upward therefore position the microphone closer to the tweeter's forward axis.

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Helpful Documents and Software

π Speaker Whitepaper explains the concepts and evolution of modern waveguide and constant directivity loudspeakers
π Speaker Crossover Document analysis of circuits used in waveguide and constant directivity loudspeakers
"Crossover Electronics 101" Seminar Handout
JBL Professional Sound System Design Manual
Passive Crossover Spice models, complete with the AIM Spice modeling program
Pialign Analysis Software to help you design your enclosures. This is the old Altair original from 1977.
Plot the response curve of your design with Carlson's BoxPlot program
Plot the response curve of horns with the HornResp program
Convert Metric and Imperial measurements with the Madison Measurement Converter

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